- Acetone – Thermophysical Properties – Acetone, also known as 2-propanone, dimethyl ketone, and pyroacetic acid, has chemical, physical, and thermal properties. There is a phase diagram included.
- The average molecular weight (or molar mass) of dry air can be estimated by summing the weights of each component.
- Thermophysical properties of benzene, commonly known as benzol, include chemical, physical, and thermal properties. There is a phase diagram included.
- Butane – Thermophysical Properties – Thermophysical properties of n-Butane, including chemical, physical, and thermal properties.
- Prandtl Number vs. Temperature and Pressure for Carbon Dioxide – Figures and table showing changes in Prandtl number for carbon dioxide as temperature and pressure change.
- Thermophysical Properties of Carbon Dioxide – Chemical, physical, and thermal properties of carbon dioxide. There is a phase diagram included.
- Gas Compression and Expansion – Processes for compressing and expanding gases that are both isothermal and isentropic.
- Ethylene – Thermophysical Properties – Ethylene, also known as ethene, acetene, and olefiant gas, has chemical, physical, and thermal properties. There is a phase diagram included.
- Flame Temperatures – Gases – Adiabatic flame temperatures for typical fuel gases in air or oxygen atmospheres, including propane, butane, acetylene, and others.
- Gases – Densities – Molecular weights and densities of common gases such as acetylene, air, methane, nitrogen, oxygen, and others.
- Explosion and Flammability of Gases Concentration Restrictions – For gases such as propane, methane, butane, acetylene, and others, there are flame and explosion limits.
- Molar Specific Temperatures for Some Common Gases at Constant Volume – Molar specific heats for some common gases at constant volume.
- Specific Gases Air, ammonia, butadiene, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and a few more common gases have different specific gravities.
- Gases – Specific Heats and Individual Gas Constants – Specific heat at constant volume, specific heat at constant pressure, specific heat ratio, and individual gas constants are all examples of specific heat. – R – argon, air, ether, nitrogen, and a variety of other gases.
- Melting Point vs. Molecular Weight for Hydrocarbons Determine the melting point of hydrocarbons using molecular weight (molar mass).
- Hydrocarbons – Vapor Pressure – For propane, n-butane, n-heptane, and n-pentane hydrocarbons, vapor pressure vs. temperature.
- Thermophysical Properties of Hydrogen – H2 – Chemical, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Hydrogen
- Chemical, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Methane – CH4. Methane – Thermophysical Properties – Chemical, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Methane – CH4. There is a phase diagram included.
- Mole Fraction of Water Vapor – The ratio of water molecules to air and water molecules is known as the mole fraction of water vapor.
- The Avagadro’s Number and the Mole – The mole is the SI base unit for a substance’s quantity.
- Total and Partial Pressures – Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures – How to use the Ideal Gas Law to determine total and partial pressures for gas mixtures.
- Vapor and Steam – An overview of the concepts of vapor and steam.
What is natural gas’s molecular formula?
1. Methane. Methane, a non-toxic gas, is the primary component of natural gas, accounting for more than 80% of the total. It has the simplest chemical formula of all hydrocarbon molecules, CH4.
What is natural gas’s specific weight?
The specific gravity of gas may be easily measured at the wellhead and is used to determine the gas’s composition. Due to variations in natural gas composition, the specific gravity of natural gas ranges from around 0.55 to roughly 0.87, with richer gases (greater wet gas content) often having higher specific gravity.
What is the definition of a mole of natural gas?
A mole is the amount of a substance that includes the same number of units as the number of atoms in 12 grams of Carbon12, which is 6.022 x 10-23, or Avogadros number.
How do you calculate a gas’s molecular weight?
More crucially, if we can determine the density of an unknown gas, we can estimate its molecular weight with ease. This is only one of many important examples of how a macroscopic (bulk matter) observation can provide tiny data (that is, about molecular-scale objects.)
Electro-mechanical devices such as vibrating reeds, which can produce continuous, on-line records at specific locations, such as within pipelines, are now used in industry to measure gas densities. The Dumas method, named after the French chemist Jean Dumas (1800-1840), is used to calculate a gas’s molecular weight from its density. Using Boyle’s and Charles’ principles, one simply measures the weight of a known volume of gas and converts it to its STP equivalent. The density of the gas is obtained by dividing its weight by its STP volume, and the density is then multiplied by 22.4 mol1 to obtain the molecular weight. Take note of the examples of gas density calculations provided here and in your textbook. This type of calculation, converting between molecular weight and gas density, will be expected of you.
Is natural gas more or less dense than air?
Natural gas is lighter than air, therefore when it is discharged, it quickly dissipates into the atmosphere. When natural gas is burned, it produces a high-temperature blue flame and complete combustion, which results in just water vapor and carbon dioxide. Its heating value per cubic foot is around 1000 BTUs.
What are the four different kinds of natural gas?
To define natural gas, we must first comprehend what it is made up of, aside from the fact that it is derived from nature. Natural gas is a blend of four separate naturally occurring gases with various molecular configurations. This mixture predominantly comprises of methane, which accounts for 70-90 percent of natural gas, as well as ethane, butane, and propane. These gases are the product of millions of years of compressed heat and pressure from dying creatures buried deep beneath the Earth’s surface.
Natural gas is recovered from deep below the Earth through natural gas drilling, which is done in tandem with oil drilling. Natural gas is converted into common energy by combining it with a liquid called crude oil once it has been extracted.
Natural gas is a valuable source of natural energy because it has several advantages over other energy sources, including:
- chemically less complex
- There is less pollution when you burn something.
- Other energy sources produce less carbon dioxide (the principal greenhouse gas), sulfur dioxide (the primary precursor of acid rain), nitrogen oxides (the primary precursor of smog), and particulate matter (which impacts health and sight).
- It is trustworthy, in the sense that it can be extracted.
Natural gas can also be used as a source of clean energy in the following ways:
- ethanol fertilizer production
- supplying energy to homes and businesses
- land and sea transportation
- generation of electricity
- generating hydrogen from methane
- Most of our manufacturing goods contain it.
Where is Natural Gas?
Domestic natural gas output has increased by more than 20% in recent years, making America the world’s biggest producer. Natural gas is projected to last at least 100 years in the United States. Texas, Pennsylvania, and Oklahoma are among the states with the most natural gas.
- Natural gas has no odor, color, or taste, is combustible, and is non-toxic.
- Between 6000 and 2000 BC, lighting strikes in the Middle East ignited gas seeping from the ground, resulting in the discovery of natural gas.
- When French explorers saw Native Americans burning fumes oozing out of Lake Erie in 1626, natural gas was discovered in America.
- Every hour on the hour in the evenings, a man-made volcano erupts in front of the MGM Mirage Hotel in Las Vegas, fed by pina colada-scented natural gas.
What is the composition of natural gas?
Natural gas is a fossil fuel that was created deep beneath the surface of the earth. Natural gas is made up of a variety of chemicals. Methane, a molecule having one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms, is the most abundant component of natural gas (CH4). Natural gas also comprises nonhydrocarbon gases including carbon dioxide and water vapor, as well as natural gas liquids (NGLs), which are also hydrocarbon gas liquids. Natural gas is used as a fuel and to manufacture materials and chemicals.
What is the formula for calculating molecular weight?
We compute molecular weight as follows: molecular weight = (number of carbon atoms)(C atomic weight) + (number of hydrogen atoms)(H atomic weight). molecular weight = (6 x 12.01) + (14 x 1.01) molecular weight of hexane = 72.06 + 14.14 molecular weight of hexane = 72.06 + 14.14 molecular weight of hexane = 72.06 + 14.14 molecular weight of hexane = Hexane has a molecular weight of 86.20 amu.
